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http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/core/replica-set-elections/#priority-comparisons
A replica set does not hold an election as long as the current primary has the highest priority value and is within 10 seconds of the latest oplog entry in the set. If a higher-priority member catches up to within 10 seconds of the latest oplog entry of the current primary, the set holds an election in order to provide the higher-priority node a chance to become primary.
The 2 scenarios should be separated out, they are not related:
An election will not be held if the current primary has the highest priority, and is within 10 seconds of the latest oplog entry in the set.
If an electable node comes within 10 seconds of the latest oplog entry in the set, and has a higher priority than the current primary, the set holds an election in order to provide the higher-priority node a chance to become primary.
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