When using clang-query, the header is considered in isolation and the following errors are reported:

/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:43:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
   43 |     std::string field;
      |     ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:62:19: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
   62 | using Component = std::variant<Get, Traverse, Id>;
      |                   ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:63:14: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
   63 | using Path = std::vector<Component>;
      |              ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:63:26: error: use of undeclared identifier 'Component'
   63 | using Path = std::vector<Component>;
      |                          ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:69:36: error: unknown type name 'Path'
   69 |     PathRequest(PathRequestType t, Path p) : type(t), path(std::move(p)) {}
      |                                    ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:74:5: error: unknown type name 'Path'
   74 |     Path path;
      |     ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:79:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
   79 |     std::string toString() const;
      |     ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:81:5: error: unknown type name 'StringData'
   81 |     StringData getTopLevelField() const;
      |     ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:83:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
   83 |     std::string getFullPath() const;
      |     ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:69:60: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
   69 |     PathRequest(PathRequestType t, Path p) : type(t), path(std::move(p)) {}
      |                                                            ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:86:1: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
   86 | std::string pathToString(const Path& p);
      | ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:86:32: error: unknown type name 'Path'
   86 | std::string pathToString(const Path& p);
      |                                ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:87:1: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
   87 | std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Path& path);
      | ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:87:26: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
   87 | std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Path& path);
      |                          ^
/workspaces/mongo/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/values/path_request.h:87:50: error: unknown type name 'Path'
   87 | std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Path& path);
      |                                                  ^

This can be fixed by adding the missing headers.

In server code, the header is always included after others, so it's just coincidence this is not a compilation error.